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Exclusion processes on networks as models for cytoskeletal transport and intracellular traffic
Auteur(s): Parmeggiani A.
(Séminaires)
Ecole PHELMA Minatec (Grenoble, FR), 2014-04-04 |
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Traffic Jams On Networks Of Molecular Highways
Auteur(s): Parmeggiani A.
Conférence invité: Statistical Physics and Low Dimensional Systems (Pont à Mousson, FR, 2014-05-21)
Résumé: Physical theory of traffic jams in cells
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Multiscale Modelling of intracellular transport
Auteur(s): Parmeggiani A.
Conférence invité: CECAM workshop : “The self-organized cytoplasm”, (Lausanne, CH, 2014-06-16)
Résumé: Theoretical physics of intracellular transport phenomena
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Traffic Queues on Axonal Highways : modeling approaches
Auteur(s): Parmeggiani A.
Conférence invité: « Biologie aux Interfaces : Neurosciences et Maladies Neurodégénératives” Pôle Rabelais (Montpellier, FR, 2014-11-27)
Résumé: Our recent research in cytoskeletal active and passive transport
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Modelling Collective Cytoskeletal Transport and Intracellular Traffic 
Auteur(s): Parmeggiani A., Neri I., Kern N.
Ouvrage: (2014)
Ref HAL: hal-01935611_v1
DOI: 10.1007/978-4-431-54907-9_1
Exporter : BibTex | endNote
Résumé: Biological cells require active fluxes of matter to maintain their internal organization and perform multiple tasks to live. In particular they rely on cytoskeletal transport driven by motor proteins, ATP-fueled molecular engines, for delivering vesicles and biochemically active cargoes inside the cytoplasm. Experimental progress allows nowadays quantitative studies describing intracellular transport phenomena down to the nanometric scale of single molecules. Theoretical approaches face the challenge of modelling the multiscale, out-of-equilibrium and non-linear properties of cytoskeletal transport: from the mechanochemical complexity of a single molecular motor up to the collective transport on cellular scales. We will present some of our recent progress in building a generic modelling scheme for cytoskeletal transport based on lattice gas models called “exclusion processes”. Interesting new properties arise from the emergence of density inhomogeneities of particles along the network of one dimensional lattices. Moreover, understanding these processes on networks can provide important hints for other fundamental and applied problems such as vehicular, pedestrian and data traffic, or ultimately for technological and biomedical applications.
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Variable Combinations of Specific Ephrin Ligand/Eph Receptor Pairs Control Embryonic Tissue Separation
Auteur(s): Rohani Nazanin, Parmeggiani A., Winklbauer Rudolf, Fagotto Francois
(Article) Publié:
Plos Biology, vol. 12 p.e1001955 (2014)
Texte intégral en Openaccess : 
Ref HAL: hal-01200629_v1
DOI: 10.1371/journal.pbio.1001955
WoS: WOS:000342905400017
Exporter : BibTex | endNote
42 Citations
Résumé: Ephrins and Eph receptors are involved in the establishment of vertebrate tissue boundaries. The complexity of the system is puzzling, however in many instances, tissues express multiple ephrins and Ephs on both sides of the boundary, a situation that should in principle cause repulsion between cells within each tissue. Although co-expression of ephrins and Eph receptors is widespread in embryonic tissues, neurons, and cancer cells, it is still unresolved how the respective signals are integrated into a coherent output. We present a simple explanation for the confinement of repulsion to the tissue interface: Using the dorsal ectoderm–mesoderm boundary of the Xenopus embryo as a model, we identify selective functional interactions between ephrin–Eph pairs that are expressed in partial complementary patterns. The combined repulsive signals add up to be strongest across the boundary, where they reach sufficient intensity to trigger cell detachments. The process can be largely explained using a simple model based exclusively on relative ephrin and Eph concentrations and binding affinities. We generalize these findings for the ventral ectoderm–mesoderm boundary and the notochord boundary, both of which appear to function on the same principles. These results provide a paradigm for how developmental systems may integrate multiple cues to generate discrete local outcomes.
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